Lecture 8

 _{Lecture’s Objectives :}

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

1. Cover insights about teaching grammar.
2. Elaborate the content provided critically.

Part One: Initial Steps 

What is Grammar?
It denotes a set of rules and norms that conduct correct, proper and adequate use of language. It is regarded as a pillar for good language comprehension and production.
The role of Grammar:
It helps learners in reaching accuracy
Comprehension of either oral or written content
Production of correct and coherent
Scrivener 's Lesson Structure 

Lead- In: the teacher provides pictures about the concerned topic then elicits ideas from students.
Teacher Clarification: the teacher elicits/ explains examples.
Restricted Output: the students work on oral/written practice of examples of these items.
Authentic Output: the students are given the opportunity to use these items along with the other language they know.
                                     “Present-Practice” Lessons Structure (Scrivener , 2011)

Part Two: Deductive approach vs Inductive Approach (According to 

Thornbury (1999))

Deductive Approach

Advantages

1. It ensures straightforwardness.
2. It acknowledges the role of cognitive processes.
3. It fits learners with analytical learning style.

Disadvantages

1. Lack of understanding the concepts.
2. Less learners’ interaction and involvement.
3. Learning a language is limited to learning its rules.

Inductive Approach

Advantages

1. Discovering of rules make rules meaningful, memorable and serviceable.
2. Ensuring cognitive depth due to the mental efforts.
3. Active involvement of learners.
4. Pattern recognition and problem solving abilities.
5. Foster learner autonomy.

The advantages of Inductive approaches (According to Nunan, 2015)

1. Stimulating a greater depth of processing.
2. Students are able to be constructors of their own learning.
3. It fosters independent learning skills.

"I tend to favor inductive learning because I believe that having to figure something out for ourselves stimulates a greater depth of processing than simply having it told to us".  Nunan, 2015, p. 126

Disadvantages

1. Rules seem to be the objective of learning not a means.
2. Learners my hypothesize wrong rules.
3. Heavy demands on teachers.
4. Learners may prefer to receive the rule.

Celce-Murcia, M., & Larsen-Freeman, D. (1999) Dimensions of Grammar